Analysis of high speed cutting requirements for machine tools

How machine tools can meet high-speed cutting can be roughly divided into the following requirements:

1. The mechanism is designed for high speed operation

High-speed machine tools first require high rigidity of their mechanism, and they must absorb high-frequency vibration and high inertia G value to ensure high-speed cutting precision and stability. The spindle speed is now very high, which requires a high-speed spindle with a good lubrication and cooling system and a short, thin and light principle. As one of the actuators for high-speed machining, the high-speed feed mechanism is required to meet high-feed acceleration and deceleration, and high precision must be achieved. Therefore, the servo motor and the ball screw need to have the actual transmission without backlash and LOSSMOTION phenomenon, so as to show the effect in the high feed cutting; the design of the ball screw mechanism should also ensure the positioning accuracy and prevent the thermal displacement error; The Z-axis is required to be lightweight, because the Z-axis response must be sensitive and there is no interference jitter, and a special electronic control loop design is required, so that the Z-axis does not fall even in the event of a momentary power failure, resulting in a tool. The knife is damaged. Mold processing is generally long-time processing, so in the long-term high-speed running of the spindle inverter, the heat rises, it is easy to cause the electronic parts to age. Therefore, the electric control box needs to adopt a closed air-conditioning system to ensure the life and stability of the parts inside the box. And prevent oil from entering.

2. Excellent CNC control system

The CNC system is a unit that issues position commands. It requires instructions to be transmitted accurately and quickly. After processing, position commands are issued for each coordinate axis. The servo system must quickly drive the tool or table to move accurately according to the command. It requires the ability to process blocks quickly, control machining errors to a minimum, and more. In the field of high-speed machining applications, Siemens 840D and Fanuc18iMB are the most representative.

3. Tool holders and tools suitable for high speed operation

Tools for high-speed cutting, especially high-speed rotary tools, require better quality and performance from the perspective of ensuring machining accuracy and operational safety. For the cutter, the slenderness ratio is preferably less than 10 times. There are tungsten carbide tools, CBN tools and titanium-coated tungsten carbide tools. For the tool holder, the dynamic balance is required to be less than 2.5G, and HSK, BBT (BTF-B) and some special tool holders can well meet the above requirements.

4. Specialized CAD/CAM software

Specialized CAD/CAM software requires precise path calculation methods, in addition to accurately meeting the accuracy requirements of 3DProfile, and at the same time reducing the discharge process, even without polishing to achieve surface quality requirements. It must produce a good cutting path, stabilize the cutting amount, not only improve the processing efficiency, but also extend the tool life and save the tool cost. In the diversification of design software, it needs to have good translation compatibility with other software, can easily carry the files of other software files without distortion, even if there are small holes or steps can be built in. Fast repair in 2D and 3DCAD, for users to hold loopholes and master the timeliness.