Development and Research of Combined Machine Tool CAD System
Hand Held Shower Hose NINGBO YINZHOU PLUMBING HARDWARE CO.,LTD , https://www.brassvalve-china.com
The combined machine tool is a special machine tool composed of general parts designed according to serialization and standardization and special parts designed according to the shape of the parts and the processing technology requirements, and is a single-piece production product with one-time design and one-time manufacturing. Therefore, the design volume is large and the design work is complicated. In the current fiercely competitive market economy, users demand high technological advancement, quality reliability, and lead time for the machine tools, and the key to guaranteeing these many factors is design. In the past, the backward manual design method could not meet the requirements of product design. Using CAD technology to get rid of the drawing board has become the trend of the current technological revolution and is imperative.
2 Combined Machine Tool CAD Application Status
The research of CAD technology for combined machine tools in foreign countries started earlier. In the early 1970s, some industrialized countries first began to study the multi-axis box CAD. Especially since the 1990s, with the development of computer technology, the development and application of interactive graphics and database management systems, the CAD technology of combination machine tools has become more and more practical and the scope of use has been continuously expanding. The developed countries have generally adopted modular machine tools. CAD technology. Currently, it is developing into a CAD/CAM integrated system.
In recent years, according to our understanding of several major US machine tool manufacturers (BURGMAST, KINGSBURY, INGERSOLL LAMB, CINCINNATI, MILACRON, CROSS, etc.), its CAD technology has been widely used. The most notable of these is INGERSOLL's 50-interactive CAD workstation hardware and software environment, enabling it to achieve almost 100% CAD.
Domestic adoption of CAD for combined machine tool design is also relatively early. In the early 1970s, the Dalian Institute of Machine Tools began its research work in this area. In 1978, the country classified the combined machine tool CAD as a key project of the machinery industry, and instructed the Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dalian Composite Machine Tool Research Institute, the Ministry of Machinery Industry Automation Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Technology, Shanghai Mechanical and Electrical Products Research Institute, etc. Units participated in the study of the drilling machine tool CAD, and the prelude of China's combined machine tool CAD technology was uncovered. After more than a decade of efforts, preliminary results have been achieved.
However, the combined machine tool CAD system was developed on the VAX II-750 and Micro VAX II. The hardware investment is large and it is not easy to promote and apply. Due to the limitations of the hardware conditions and software environment at that time, the scope of application of the software was narrow and the user was inconvenient to use.
3 Development of combined machine tool CAD system special software CAD technology is an important part of contemporary electronic information technology, CAD technology commercialization should be the top priority in high-tech industries. On the basis of supporting software and hardware, secondary development of software for different industries and different specialties and the development of specialized commercial software suitable for the industry and the profession will not only achieve good economic benefits, but also achieve significant social benefits. .
During the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, the country used the automobile industry as the pillar industry of the national economy, and the combined machine tool industry that provided technical equipment for the automobile industry developed rapidly. With the development of the automotive industry, it has become an extremely urgent task to improve the design quality of combined machine tools and shorten the design cycle. Adopting the combined machine tool CAD technology can shorten the design cycle, improve the product design quality, increase the competitiveness of the company in the industry, and bring significant economic benefits to the company.
Dalian is an important industrial base in China. Dalian Composite Machine Tool Research Institute, which is a technology development center for the combined machine tool industry, should play a leading role in the industry. In order to realize design automation, enhance enterprise technological innovation capability and product competitiveness, and promote the design level of China's combined machine tools. , As soon as possible to the combination machine tool industry to provide functional, flexible, friendly interface, high technical content of the combination of machine tool CAD software.
4 The technical foundation for developing software
With the development of microelectronics technology, the performance of microcomputers has been greatly improved. Now that PII has dominated the market, PIII has begun to go public and its CPU performance indicators are close to those of workstations a few years ago. Foreign CAD software is ported to Microcomputer's Window95/98, Windows NT, such as Pro/Engineer, I-DEAS, CADDS5 and so on. The performance of the graphics accelerator card of the microcomputer is increasing, and basically the entity can be moved and rotated. Microcomputer CAD is a development direction, and the corresponding hardware is much lower than the workstation. After several years of hard work, we used the SDK software development technology of Windows, the dynamic data exchange technology (DDE) between multiple processes under the Windows environment, the database operating technology (ODBC), the secondary development technology of graphics software, and the target linking and embedding technology ( OLE) developed a CAD integrated system that integrates general-purpose mechanical CAD and combined machine tool CAD.
5 Combination Machine Tool CAD System Software
The combined machine tool CAD system software uses C++ language to develop a parametric graphic information management system for a combined machine tool designer under the Windows environment. The database system is written independently with C++ language. This software integrates the database operating system and the parametric graphic system to form a powerful parametric graphic information management system. The combined machine tool CAD system includes a combined machine tool fixture CAD system, a combined machine tool automatic line program three-dimensional graphic CAD system, a combined machine tool general diagram CAD system, a combined machine tool processing schematic CAD system, and a combined machine tool multi-axle box CAD system.
Combined machine tool fixture CAD system
The use of mechanical CAD parameterized graphical information management techniques and interactive design methods to develop a combined machine tool fixture CAD system, which has a wide range of applications, strong practicality, broad application prospects. The combined machine tool fixture CAD system can be divided into four major modules according to its main functions: positioning support system CAD system, clamping mechanism CAD system, guiding device CAD system and computer-aided analysis and calculation of typical fixture clamping force.
Positioning Support System CAD System
The positioning support system mainly consists of positioning support, auxiliary support and limit elements. Positioning support refers to a component that maintains a certain position of the workpiece during machining; auxiliary support is a movable support element that is used only for rigidity and stability in the machining process. Establish support plate, support block, auxiliary support, fixed positioning pin, retractable positioning pin parameterized graphic library and performance database, query and support the system performance database, modify positioning support parameterized graphical parameters, and use interactive design methods to achieve Positioning support system CAD.
Clamping mechanism CAD system
The clamping mechanism is usually composed of three parts: a clamping force part, an intermediate transmission mechanism and a clamping element. The clamping force part is used to generate a power source, and the force is transmitted to the intermediate transmission mechanism; the intermediate transmission mechanism is used as a force increasing mechanism, which can change the direction and size of the force, and can generate a self-locking effect to ensure that during the processing When the power source disappears, the workpiece can still be reliably clamped under the action of the cutting force; the clamping element is used to withstand the clamping force transmitted by the intermediate transmission mechanism and is in direct contact with the workpiece to perform the clamping action. Established a clamping cylinder, clamping elements, direct clamping mechanism, self-locking clamping mechanism parametric graphic library and performance database, querying the clamping mechanism performance database, modifying the parameterization graphical parameters of the clamping mechanism, and using interaction design methods. Realize clamping mechanism CAD.
Guiding device CAD system
The role of the guide device is to ensure the correct position of the tool and the workpiece and the tool and to increase the support rigidity of the tool system. The correct selection and design of guiding devices play an important role in ensuring the accuracy of machining and the reliable operation of the machine tool. Establish a fixed guide sleeve, "inner roll" guide, "outer roll" guide parametric graphic library and its performance database, query the guide performance database, modify the parametric graphical parameters of the guide, and use interactive design methods. Implement guide CAD.
Computer Aided Analysis and Calculation of Typical Fixture Clamping Force
Under conditions that ensure the normal and reliable operation of the machine tool, the smaller the clamping force, the better. If the clamping force is increased blindly, the following consequences are caused: the size of the jig driving mechanism is increased; the jig is too bulky to increase the rigidity of the jig associated with the clamping force; and the deformation of the workpiece during clamping is increased. And affect the processing accuracy. Therefore, it is very important to correctly determine the clamping force. Computer-aided analysis and calculation of typical fixture clamping force include: analysis and calculation of clamping force of screw clamping mechanism, analysis and calculation of clamping force of wedge iron clamping mechanism, analysis and calculation of clamping force of eccentric clamping mechanism, other Clamping mechanism analysis and calculation of clamping force.
The combined machine tool fixture CAD system adopts an interactive design method, which is flexible in use, wide in application, and capable of meeting various processing process requirements. The system establishes the graphic library of the components of the fixture and the parametric graphic library of the feature parts, and uses the parametric graphic information management system to interactively draw the fixture of the combined machine tool.
Three-dimensional graphic CAD system for combined machine tool automatic line program, general CAD system for combined machine tool, and CAD system for combined machine tool processing
0. Gears on the shaft 1. New design gears Two-axis gear design optimization
Three-dimensional graphic CAD system of automatic machine line program
The CAD system can determine the automatic line program of the combined machine tool, draw the three-dimensional figure of the automatic line of the combined machine tool, and manage the structure and performance database of the general parts of the combined machine tool. These three parts are implemented by three independent processes. Using the dynamic data exchange technology (DDE) between multiple processes in the Windows environment, three independent processes dynamically exchange data, and the following machine tool configuration model for the combined machine tool is designed: Multi-axis Box Horizontal Machining, Multi-Axis Box Vertical Machining, Multi-Axis Box Tilting, Boring Head Horizontal Machining, Boring Head Vertical Machining, Boring Head Tilting, Drilling Head Horizontal Machining, Drilling Head Vertical machining, drilling head tilting, tapping head horizontal machining, tapping head vertical machining, tapping head tilting machining, milling head horizontal machining, milling head vertical machining, and milling head tilting machining.
General Machine Tool CAD System
The general design of the combined machine tool has two methods: automatic design and human-computer interaction design. The automatic design is completed once from the structural scheme to the final drawing. The interaction design is a method of user participation, interactive selection of components, determination of models, and positioning. The combined machine tool is a special machine tool composed of serialized and standardized general parts and special parts designed according to the shape of the parts and processing technology requirements, and thus the characteristics of the combined machine tool determine its computer aided design method. Its versatility is accomplished by the computer, and the specificity is realized by the user by means of the computer, that is, the poor applicability of the automatic design and the limitation of the narrow design surface are avoided. Integrated machine tool general picture parameterized graphic information management system is a human-computer interactive design system developed under the Windows environment. It integrates Windows SDK technology, database technology, and ADS technology for secondary development of graphics software. It is an engineering designer. Provides an extremely convenient and efficient tool for designing machine tools. The system is suitable for drilling, expanding, reaming, boring, boring, milling, tapping and other machining processes. The machine configuration is single-seat, vertical, tilt and compound machine tools, mobile workbench combination machine tools, rotary work table combination machine tool.
0. Gears on the shaft 1. Newly designed gears Figure 2 Three-axis gear design optimization
Combined Machine Tool Schematic CAD System
The combined machine tool processing diagram is one of the important working drawings for designing the tool and adjusting the combined machine tool, and is the basis for determining the contact size of the combined machine tool and drawing the general diagram of the combined machine tool. To complete the process of drilling, reaming, boring, reaming, milling and tapping, the machining drawings of the combined machine tools are complex. According to the experience of developing combined machine tool CAD in the past ten years, automatic design is used, and only a few parameters are input to complete the combination of machine tool schematic software. However, this schematic application is small and has limitations. Combined machine tool processing schematic parametric graphic information management system software, using interactive design method, flexible use, wide application, can meet a variety of processing process requirements. Combined Machine Tool Processing Schematic The parametric graphic information management system consists of four parts: spindle, post, guide sleeve, tool database operating system, parameter graphics library operating system, interactive drawing system and the determination of the combined machine tool cutting usage module.
Multi-axis box CAD system
Multi-Axis Box CAD System is a professional application software that can be used for the design of multi-axle boxes for drilling, expanding, reaming, boring, tapping and tapping and tapping compound machines. The raw data required by the system is derived from the overall design of the combined machine tool, ie, three maps and one card (workpiece diagram, processing diagram, machine contact dimension diagram, and productivity calculation card), such as spindle coordinates, rotation speed, etc. On this basis, the system can interact Or do all kinds of work automatically.
Multi-axis box transmission system design
The multi-axis box transmission system of the combined machine tool is a multi-axis, multi-gear, multi-row complex gear transmission system. We adopted the basic method of two-axis and three-axis gear transmission. The generation of the transmission system is the constant combination and invocation of these two basic connection methods. This module completes the drive shaft coordinate calculation, various geometric interference check, and strength verification of the transmission components. In order to achieve the purpose of transmission system optimization (the number of transmission shafts is as small as possible and the number of transmission gears is as small as possible), the following design scheme is adopted, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 .
Data processing
After the drive system design is completed, this module should be run immediately to prepare data for graphics generation. Follow the on-screen dialog box to prompt for the drawing number (see Figure 3). The value in the box is the missing value. For the gear picture number, only the first part is input, and the last two digits are automatically added by the system.
Automatically generate multi-axis box graphics
The multi-axis box CAD automatically draws the multi-axis box assembly drawing, the box supplementary processing drawing, the front and rear side cover supplementary processing drawings, and the special parts drawing, as shown in FIG. 4 .
The graphics file is the AUTOCAD DWG format and can be called directly for AUTOCAD.
WBCAD00.DWG - WBCAD03.DWG assembly diagram for the multi-axle box.
WBCAD11.DWG is a multi-axis box supplementary processing drawing.
WBCAD12.DWG supplements the machining drawing for the front cover of the multi-axle box.
WBCAD13.DWG supplements the processing drawing for the rear cover of the multi-axle box.
WBCAD14.DWG supplements the machining drawing for the multi-axle box side cover.
GEAR01.DWG-GEARnn.DWG is a gear processing diagram.
Where nn is the total number of gears. If the number of gears is 3, the gear pattern is GEAR01.DWG—GEAR03.DWG.
TABLE01.DWG - TABLEnn.DWG is a multi-axis box schedule.
6 Combined Machine Tool CAD Software Operating Environment
Software running hardware environment:
More than 486 CPUs, more than 16M of memory, all software required more than 350M hard disk space.
Software running software environment:
Windows95/98, Windows NT4.0, AutoCAD R14.0
7 The combined machine tool CAD software has passed the expert appraisal and has been put on the market. The 1998 combined machine tool CAD software has passed the expert appraisal. The software is advanced in technology, reliable in performance, powerful in function, convenient and practical, and provides a modern design tool for China's combined machine tool industry. Its technical level is at the leading position in China.
The software has been widely used in the design and manufacturing of combined machine tools and the combined machine tool design and manufacturing departments of large and medium-sized enterprises engaged in the production of internal combustion engines and engines. Such as Jiangsu Hengli Combination Machine Tool Co., Ltd., Baoding Second Machine Tool Factory, Changchai Co., Ltd., Shandong Huayuan Laidong Engine Co., Ltd., etc. Enterprises in the transformation of traditional industries, through the use of CAD technology, played the power of electronic information technology, increased the level of design, enhance the company's creativity and product competitiveness, and achieved good economic and social benefits.