High-temperature failure of construction machinery

The construction of construction machinery in summer is not only subject to prolonged continuous operation, but also to high temperature environment. In summer, high temperature not only affects the working environment and health of operators, but also the engine, cooling system, and hydraulic system of construction machinery. Circuits and tires have some damage.

(1) In the high temperature environment, the hydraulic system will often have problems such as explosion of pipes, leakage of joints, burning of solenoid coils, stuck hydraulic valves, and high noise; systems using accumulators may cause energy storage due to high temperature of hydraulic oil. Device damage; aging in the summer of the circuit due to thermal expansion and contraction of the metal easier to cause cracking of the skin, causing short-circuit fault; the electrical components in the control cabinet is also prone to failure in the hot season, IPC, plc and other key control components may also appear Deadlock, slow operation, failure of control, etc.

(2) In summer, the temperature is high and the humidity is high. If the vent hole of the battery is blocked, the explosion may be caused by the increase of the internal pressure. In summer, when the tire works in a high-temperature environment, not only will the tire wear increase, but also the internal pressure will increase. A puncture; transmission tape becomes longer in the summer, which in turn causes the drive to slip and accelerate wear. Failure to adjust in time can lead to tape breakage and other problems. Small cracks in the cab glass can cause cracks to expand or even burst due to large temperature differences between the inside and outside, or splashing water in the summer.

(3) The long-term operation of construction machinery at high temperatures will result in poor performance of the lubrication system, deterioration of the oil, wear of the chassis and other drive systems, and appearance of the paint layer, brake system, clutch, throttle control system and metal. The structure has an effect.

(4) The impact of high temperature on the engine is mainly manifested in the rapid temperature rise of the engine. Under the conditions with higher ambient temperature, the engine is likely to “open the pot” and the viscosity of the oil is reduced, resulting in mechanical failures such as pulling cylinders and burning tiles. The engine's output power is reduced. Continuous high temperatures impose stringent requirements on the radiator's permeability. It requires constant high-load operation of the cooling system and reduces the life of cooling system fans, water pumps, and other components. The use is extremely frequent and it can easily lead to failure.

How to perform on-site emergency treatment of high-temperature faults (1) “Open pan” is one of the most common faults caused by high temperature in construction machinery. When the water temperature is too high, it is not necessary to rush to open the radiator cover to dissipate heat. This can easily cause hot water to spray out. People should naturally cool and then make up water; according to operating experience and operating specifications of construction machinery, the operator should immediately stop the operation when the engine “opens the pot”. Do not turn off the engine, let the engine run at idle speed, and all the blinds are opened to increase the air flow. The temperature of the water is gradually lowered by the cooling fan and releases a large amount of air bubbles generated by the cooling system. When the engine idles for a few minutes and the water temperature drops and no longer boils, use a towel or veil to soak the water radiator cover. Carefully unscrew a part of the water radiator cover to release the water vapor. Make sure the water vapor in the radiator is released. After that, turn the water radiator cover all over again. During the process of turning on the water radiator cover, remember that the arm should not be exposed. Keep the face away from the top of the water inlet to prevent the hot water from escaping the burned face. If the engine has stalled, quickly start the engine and make it idle; if the engine can not start after stalling, you should close the throttle, shake the crankshaft by hand; if there is no hand crank, you can use the starter to discontinue the piston Up and down reciprocating several times, through the inspiratory, exhaust air movement, the heat inside the cylinder will be emitted.

(2) When adding coolant, it is best to fill the same type of coolant in the water radiator. Do not replenish tap water arbitrarily unless emergency treatment is performed. When adding cooling water to the water radiator, be sure to wait until the water temperature drops to about 70°C before proceeding; the “gradual water injection method” should be used to gradually reduce the temperature, and it is not possible to add too much water at one time, that is, to allow the engine to idle while adding water. , slowly raise the water while filling in order to ensure the safety of operators and equipment.

(3) When the brake or other parts are overheated, it cannot be cooled by water. This will reduce its life and performance, causing deformation or even cracking of the parts. Therefore, it must be stopped to allow it to cool naturally.

Do a good job of maintenance and avoid mechanical accidents due to high temperature 3.1 Do a good job in the early maintenance of construction machinery In summer, it is better to do a comprehensive maintenance on the construction machinery, replace the engine with three filters and oil, replace or adjust the tape, check The performance of fans, pumps, generators, and compressors is reliable, and maintenance, repair, or replacement is necessary. For machinery working in high temperature areas, properly increase the viscosity level of the oil, check whether the cooling system and fuel system are smooth, and replace the aged wires, plugs, hoses, check and fasten the fuel pipeline to prevent fuel leakage; clean up the engine body Oil, dust, to ensure that the engine "lightly mounted" and good heat dissipation.

3.2 Into the summer, special inspections and maintenance of machinery and equipment Maintenance of equipment In addition to circuits, air conditioning systems, and others can be checked and maintained on their own. Of course, for special equipment and equipment within the warranty period, equipment manufacturers or professionals should perform So as to avoid unnecessary losses and disputes. In the summer, maintenance of the equipment does not require a complete inspection and maintenance. The content and procedures of the inspection and maintenance work can be reasonably determined according to the use of the equipment and the maintenance of the equipment. However, the maintenance of the equipment after entering the summer must be emphasized. There is luck.

3.3 In the summer construction process, several aspects of maintenance and maintenance should be emphasized. 1) The engine oil and all the lubricants need to be replaced with the summer oil, the oil amount is appropriate; always check whether there is oil leakage, especially fuel oil. Timely supplements.

2) The battery fluid needs to be replenished in time, the charging current is properly reduced, the circuit joints are required to be firm and reliable, and the aging circuit needs to be replaced. The fuse capacity should meet the requirements for safe use. Equipment should be equipped with a fire extinguisher.

3) Keep equipment in a cool place as much as possible to avoid sunlight exposure. Properly reduce the tire pressure, explosion-proof tires.

4) Pay attention to the damage caused by rain and dust on the equipment. It is advisable to replace the filter regularly. The hydraulic system radiators should be cleaned regularly to maintain good heat dissipation. Avoid overloading for a long time and control your work schedule. Do not overheat the brakes, etc. Do not cool it with water.

5) Check the equipment steel structure, transmission box, axle components are flexible, whether there are small cracks, prevent high temperature damage caused by the summer increase, found that rust should be timely rust, repair, paint, so as not to rain more in summer, leading to increased corrosion .

The summer maintenance of the equipment should follow the principles of timely and reasonable, all aspects, in order to facilitate equipment operation and adapt to the outside temperature and working conditions. Need to track and manage the equipment, grasp the performance of the equipment, and develop a combination of targeted and versatile maintenance plans. In addition to the above mentioned requirements and maintenance precautions, different precautions must be taken for different mechanical equipment.