UN Energy Association Reports That Biofuels Lead to Environmental Deterioration
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But a report just released by the UN Energy Association stated that biofuels are likely to cause more serious damage than fossil fuels do.
According to the report, changes in the surrounding environment caused by a large increase in crops have already occurred in Southeast Asia, and soaring demand for palm oil has caused the destruction of tropical rainforests in Southeast Asia. "The consequences of greenhouse gas emissions caused by massive logging may be more serious than the use of fossil fuels."
- Biofuels lead to rising living expenses?
A large number of lands in many countries and regions have been used to grow some crops to produce biofuels. As a direct result, the prices of basic living materials have risen and the lives of the poor have become more distressed. For example, the prices of corn and sugar have risen internationally.
In addition, crop biofuels that were once questioned as “fighting for food†were once again reported to be at the heart of the matter. The report believes that the process of producing biofuels will occupy land and a large amount of water resources and chemical fertilizers, while the large-scale cultivation of single crops means that farmers in small-scale cultivation may lose their land. These are increasingly becoming a source of energy for people to develop bioenergy. Focus.
According to U.S. energy experts, the U.S. ethanol gasoline capacity will reach 20 to 22 million tons in 2007. At present, the consumption of ethanol gasoline accounts for 5% of the total U.S. gasoline consumption; by 2030, the consumption of ethanol gasoline will account for the total U.S. gasoline consumption. 30% of the amount. In 2006, the biodiesel production capacity in the United States was 1.61 million tons and the output was 800,000-96 million tons. It is expected that the biodiesel production in 2011 will reach 1.15 million tons and will increase to 3.3 million tons in 2016.
In the United States, the government adopted a rolling financial subsidy to encourage the development of biofuels. For example, in the initial stage of biofuel promotion, the US state governments implemented fiscal subsidy policies, biodiesel subsidies were 50 cents/gallon, and ethanol gasoline was 51 cents/gallon.
Biofuels cause environmental deterioration?
The report on bioenergy also pointed out that the massive development of biofuels will create very serious environmental problems. For example, crops such as corn, palm oil, sugar cane, and cassava are considered to be the main raw materials for biofuel production. Although apparently these low-cost raw materials help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the environmental damage caused by the use of fossil fuels In contrast, the development of biofuels may lead to more serious damage.
The report argues that the development of demand for land and water resources from biofuels, and the associated impacts of the surrounding biological chains, will lead to changes in the carbon content of the soil. This change will directly offset the use of biofuels in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Positive effects in terms of volume.
At the same time, from the perspective of the transfer of the biological chain, the cultivation of a large number of single crops does not conform to the law of nature-related biological diversity. The nutrients in the soil will be lost due to monoculture of crops. The destruction of the environment is likely to be the killer of biofuels. .
It is worth noting that due to the consideration of the environment and food security issues, the countries around the world have increased the research and development of non-food crops. For example, ethanol, which is more popular at the present stage, is produced from cellulose. In the United States, a fund is set up to support the development of ethanol-gasoline production technologies using various biomass as raw materials, especially for more non-food crops other than corn, similar to straw and broken wood blocks.
So far, the raw material for biodiesel production in the United States is soybeans, as well as rapeseed oil and restaurant waste oil. The U.S. government stated that the problems to be solved in the next stage are to further expand the scale of production, reduce the production cost of ethanol by using cellulose biomass raw materials, accelerate the development of various biomass-based raw materials, broaden the raw material channels for biodiesel, and increase the basis for The construction of facilities will ensure the construction of large-scale biofuel devices and enter the market.
Waste oil is expected to turn waste into treasure The agreement signed by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Italian Ministry of Environment, Land, and Maritime recently seems to make people see another way to produce biofuels, that is, through the decomposition of waste oils such as swill oil and waste oil produced in restaurants. Esterification, processing into biodiesel. According to the agreement between the two parties, Wuhan Ereli Biodiesel Co., Ltd. cooperated with relevant Italian units to build a waste production line in Wuhan to decompose and esterify waste oils such as swill oil and waste oil produced in restaurants into processing lines for biodiesel production. After the production line is put into production, it can produce 30,000 tons of biodiesel per year.
It is reported that the technology for processing biodiesel from Surabaya oil is mature, the processing cost is not high, and the ex-factory price per ton of mass production can be reduced to about 5,000 yuan, which is equivalent to that of diesel oil produced with petroleum, and has very promising prospects. After the project is successfully implemented in Wuhan, it will be promoted to other large and medium-sized cities in China.