A comprehensive overview of the characteristics of vibration aging equipment
A comprehensive overview of the characteristics of vibration aging equipment 1, the essence of vibration aging machine The essence of the vibration aging equipment is to apply additional dynamic stress to the workpiece in the form of resonance. When the additional dynamic stress and residual stress are superimposed, when the material reaches or exceeds the yield limit, the workpiece undergoes microscopic or macroscopic plastic deformation, thereby reducing and homogenizing the workpiece. Internal residual stress, and make its dimensional accuracy stable. 2. Introduction to vibration aging equipment The technical principle of vibration aging equipment, combined with computer control technology, controls the vibration and eccentricity of the exciter to make the workpiece resonate, so that the workpiece needs a certain amplitude, a certain number of cycles of alternating motion and absorbs energy so that the workpiece needs time. A certain degree of microscopic viscoelastic plastic metal mechanical change occurs, which reduces and homogenizes the residual stress inside the workpiece to some extent, and improves the dimensional stability and fatigue life of the workpiece. The control system has automatic and manual vibration sweeping function, the natural frequency of the component itself is obtained, and the sub-formant peaks are automatically selected for aging treatment, and the vibration frequency sweeping and recording of vibration aging process data and curves are performed automatically. Finally, according to national standards ( The parameter curve detection method of GB/T25712-2010) qualitatively judges the aging effect by comparing the changes of the effective natural frequency of the workpiece and acceleration and other parameters before and after the aging. 3. How it works The vibration aging can also be seen as the cyclic strain under cyclic dynamic stress. The dislocation movement of the crystal inside the metal material increases the microscopic stress and achieves the process of adjusting the size of the stress-stabilizing component. In actual processing, the weight, volume, and shape of the workpiece are diverse. Before the vibration aging, various process parameters are precisely defined. The main vibration frequency, auxiliary vibration frequency, excitation force, and excitation and support points of the workpiece are the positions of the workpiece. Other parameters must be accurately determined through adjustment. Vibrational aging (VSR) is to resonate a metal component at a certain frequency under the periodical excitation force of the excitation device. The resulting dynamic stress causes the component to perform tens of thousands of sub-resonant vibrations with a large amplitude within half an hour. The internal residual stress is superimposed to a certain value. At the point where the stress is most concentrated, it will exceed the yield limit and cause slight plastic deformation, reduce the residual stress at this point, and strengthen the metal matrix; then the vibration will produce the same in other stress concentration parts. The role until it can not cause any part of the plastic deformation so that the residual stress within the component to reduce and redistribution in an equilibrium state, improve the strength of the material. After the components are installed and used in the subsequent sequence, they will no longer be in a resonant state and will not be subjected to a greater external force than the resonant force. Therefore, the components after the vibration will not undergo stress deformation. The actual operation often draws on the typical work process of the workpiece and summarizes the fit: 1. Analysis: According to the possible vibration mode of the vibration aging workpiece, it can reasonably support the position of the workpiece and the card exciter. Beam profile, support is generally applied 4 points from one end 2/9 and 7/9. The exciter is usually mounted near the middle peak and the accelerometer is installed near the peak at one end. Plate-type plate-type workpiece with different aspect ratios, the main vibration mode has a bending mode and torsional vibration mode. The main vibration frequency is mostly bending vibration type, and its pitch line is generally located at (2/9) L from the fulcrum point. The actual work should be based on the specific structure of the workpiece to adopt two, three or four point support methods for metallurgical equipment. For the heavy-duty girder members, the vertical bisector method can be used to set the fulcrum position. That is, the center of three fulcrums is used as the vertexes for the triangle. The intersection point of the three sides of the triangle perpendicular bisector and the edge line is the fixed area of ​​the exciter. According to practical experience, the resistance in vibration is small, and it is easy to obtain resonance and vibration effects with large amplitude. The workpiece with a small aspect ratio often has a twisted mode shape with three points of support (120 degrees to each other). The main mode of a workpiece with a large aspect ratio is generally a bending mode, and is supported by four points and then the edges. The device is usually installed near the peaks on the middle edge of the two rubber pads. The accelerometer is installed near the peaks on the middle edge of the two rubber pads. The circular plate type generally adopts 3 points (120 degrees to each other) or 4 points (diagonal) to support the edge. The exciter is generally installed near the peak of the middle edge of the two rubber pads, and the accelerometer is installed on one side of the two rubber pads. Near the middle edge of the peak. Square box parts generally use 3 points to support the longer edge, the exciter is generally installed near the edge of the upper edge of the larger peak, the accelerometer installed near the edge of the peak.
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