DC stabilized power supply type and basic knowledge

DC stabilized power supply type and basic knowledge, DC stabilized power supply type and selection: DC stabilized power supply can be divided into chemical power supply, linear stable power supply and switch type stable power supply according to custom, and they are respectively DC stable power supply types and options:

DC stabilized power supplies can be divided into chemical power supplies, linear stable power supplies and switch-type stable power supplies according to their habits. They are also available in different types:

Chemical power supply

The dry batteries, lead-acid batteries , nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, and lithium-ion batteries that we usually use belong to this category, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. With the development of science and technology, intelligent batteries have been produced; in terms of rechargeable battery materials, American developers have discovered an iodide of manganese, which can be used to make cheap, compact, and discharge time, and maintain performance after repeated charging. Good environmentally friendly rechargeable battery.

Linear stable power supply

A common feature of the linearly stabilized power supply is that its power device adjustment tube operates in the linear region and stabilizes the output by adjusting the voltage drop between the tubes. Due to the large static loss of the adjustment tube, a large heat sink needs to be installed to dissipate heat. Moreover, since the transformer works at the power frequency (50 Hz), the weight is large.

The advantages of this type of power supply are high stability, small ripple, high reliability, easy to make multi-channel, and output continuously adjustable finished products. The disadvantages are large size, cumbersome and relatively inefficient. There are many kinds of stable power supplies of this kind, and the output properties can be divided into a regulated power supply and a steady current power supply, and a regulated steady current (stable) power supply that integrates regulation and steady flow. From the output value point of view, it can be divided into fixed point output power, band switch adjustment and potentiometer continuously adjustable. From the output indication, the pointer indication type and the digital display type can be divided.

Switching type DC regulated power supply

A class of stable power supplies that are different from linear regulated power supplies are switching DC regulated power supplies. The circuit types are mainly single-ended flyback, single-ended forward, half-bridge, push-pull and full-bridge. The fundamental difference between it and the linear power supply is that it does not work at the power frequency but works at tens of kilohertz to several megahertz. The function tube does not work in the saturation and cut-off area, that is, the switching state; the switching power supply is named after it.

The advantages of the switching power supply are small size, light weight, stable and reliable; the disadvantage is relatively large compared to the linear power supply (generally ≤ 1% VO (PP), good can be more than ten mV (PP) or less) . Its power can be from a few watts to several kilowatts. The price is 3 yuan - more than 10 million yuan / watt, the following general classification of the introduction of several switching power supply:

1 AC/DC power supply

This kind of power supply is also called primary power supply. It takes energy from the grid and obtains a DC high voltage through high voltage rectification and filtering. The DC/DC converter obtains one or several stable DC voltages at the output, and the power is from several watts to several kilowatts. There are products for different occasions. There are many specifications and models of such products. According to the needs of users, the primary power supply (AC220 input, DC48V or 24V output) in the communication power supply is also the same.

2 DC/DC power supply

Also known in the communication system as a secondary power source, it is provided with a DC input voltage from a primary power supply or a DC battery pack, and one or several DC voltages are obtained at the output after DC/DC conversion.

3 communication power supply

The communication power supply is essentially a DC/DC converter type power supply, but it is generally powered by DC-48V or -24V, and uses a backup battery as a backup for DC power supply, converting the DC supply voltage into the working voltage of the circuit, generally it It is divided into three types: central power supply, layered power supply and single board power supply. The latter has the highest reliability.

4 radio power supply

The radio power input AC220V/110V, the output DC13.8V, the power is determined by the power of the power supply, several amps and hundreds of amps have products. In order to prevent the AC power grid from affecting the radio work, a battery pack is required as a backup, so this In addition to outputting a 13.8V DC voltage, the class power supply also has an automatic conversion function for charging the battery.

5 module power supply

With the rapid development of science and technology, the requirements for power supply reliability and capacity/volume ratio are getting higher and higher, and the module power supply is increasingly showing its superiority. It has high operating frequency, small size, high reliability, and is easy to install and expand. Therefore, it is being widely used. At present, although there are corresponding modules in China, the failure rate is high due to the failure of the production process to catch up with the international level.

Although the DC/DC module power supply is currently costly, from the perspective of the overall cost of the product's long application cycle, especially due to the high maintenance cost and good reputation loss caused by system failure, it is still cost-effective to select the power module. It is worthwhile to mention the Rogowski converter circuit. Its outstanding advantages are simple circuit structure, high efficiency and the ripple value of output voltage and current is close to zero.

6 special power supply

High-voltage low-current power supply, high-current power supply, and 400Hz input AC/DC power supply can be attributed to this type and can be selected according to special needs. The price of the switching power supply is generally 2-8 yuan / watt special low power and high power supply price is slightly higher, up to 11-13 yuan / watt.

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