Chinese scientists successfully developed nano-flocculation technology to control the invasion of marine organisms
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Ballast water refers to the water and suspended materials added to the vessel to control the trim, roll, draught, stability or stress of the vessel. According to statistics, global ocean-going vessels require a total of approximately 10 billion tons of ballast water each year. Ballast and ballast tank sediments contain large amounts of organisms and microorganisms, including bacteria, algae, protozoa, plankton and other organisms. . On average, there are more than 100 million floating plants and animals per cubic meter of ballast water, and around 4,000 kinds of marine organisms in the world are flooded into the waters of the world every day with ship ballast water.
The micro-organisms carried by ballast water in marine vessels have caused species intrusion through emissions and are increasingly receiving the attention of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The carrying of foreign organisms by ballast water of ships will cause pollution of port state waters, damage ecological balance, harm fishery resources and affect public health. The International Maritime Organization stipulates that the concentration of detectable surviving organisms from 10 μm to 50 μm in dischargeable ballast water should be less than 10 per milliliter.
However, conventional microscopy methods are difficult to achieve rapid detection of low biomass requirements. The research and development team led by Professor Ding Yongsheng uses artificially cultivated marine microalgae to simulate tiny organisms in ship ballast water, using self-made inorganic polymer composite flocculants. Experimental study on flocculation and concentration of microalgae.
The results show that the flocculant has a good flocculation ability, and the flocculant can achieve the capture and enrichment of cells with a concentration of less than 10 cells/mL. On this basis, Prof. Ding Yongsheng has also conducted research on the use of nano-biological effects to kill harmful organisms in ballast water. This technology is used for the ballast water treatment of ships in a limited space. It has high efficiency in killing microorganisms and is fast. It is particularly effective in killing microscopic living organisms (such as eggs and spores) that cannot be separated by other methods.
The successful development of this new technology has provided strong technical support for China's maritime authorities in ballast water management, law enforcement, and prevention and control of invasion of alien marine organisms.