Powder Granulation Technology and Equipment Status in China (1)
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Powder granulation technology is the most important branch of the process of powder and granular processes. With the improvement of the environmental protection and the automation of the production process, the granulation of powdered products has become an inevitable trend in the world of powder post-processing technologies.
China's powder technology and equipment research began in the mid-1980s, and the original Institute of Chemical Engineering and Powder Research Institute of the former Ministry of Chemical Industry conducted the first specialized system research. After years of efforts, China's powder granulation technology has a certain level. The scale of equipment can basically meet the requirements of powder and granular granulation. The existing powder processing technology can be divided into four categories.
Agitation Agitator granulation involves infiltrating a liquid or binder into a solid fine powder and stirring it properly so that the liquid and the solid fine powder are in intimate contact with each other to produce cohesive forces and form agglomerates. The most common method of agitation is accomplished by turning, rolling and curtain drooping motions as the disc, taper or drum rotates. According to the molding method, it can be divided into rolling pellets, mixed pellets and powder pellets. Typical equipment includes granulation drum, swash plate granulator, cone drum granulator, pan granulator, roller granulator, kneader, drum mixer, powder blender (hammer, vertical shaft , belt type), the end of the granule machine and so on.
The advantage of the agitation method is that the molding equipment has a simple structure and the single machine has a large output, and the formed particles are easy to be rapidly dissolved and have high wettability. The disadvantage is that the uniformity of the particles is not good, and the strength of the formed particles is low. At present, the single-machine processing capacity of this type of equipment is up to 500 tons/hour, and the particle diameter can reach 600 millimeters at most. It is suitable for mining, fertilizer, fine chemicals, food and other fields.
Pressure forming method This method is to confine the powdered material to be granulated in a specific space and compacted by applying external force. According to the physical system of the applied external force, the pressure forming method can be divided into a molding method and an extrusion method.
Typical molding methods include heavy briquetting presses, bench presses, concrete block presses, press bricks, and heavy-duty film makers. The advantage is that larger agglomerates can be produced and the materials produced have considerable mechanical strength. The disadvantage is that the equipment has a smaller application range and it is not easy for some materials to be demoulded. This type of equipment is mostly used in construction, pharmaceuticals and other fields.